First of all, for those who don't know what gear ratio is. Gear ratio is represented by X:Y where x is the # of rotations of the wheel and Y is the # of rotations of the motor or engine.

For Example a gear ratio of 1:10 would mean in order to rotate the wheel once on the ground, the motor or engine must rotate 10 times. By decreasing the number of teeth on your pinion gear (gear attached to your motor or engine) you will archive 2 effects.

 

#1 Increase the overall acceleration of your vehicle
#2 Decrease the top speed of your vehicle.

By increasing the number of teeth on your pinion gear, you get the opposite effect.

The concept is reversed if you are changing the spur gear. Depending on the size of the gears, changing the pinion gear by 1 tooth is approximately the same as changing 3 teeth of the spur gear.

Now for the good stuff: Before you put your car on the track, study the design of the track. If the track is full of turns, go for a pinion gear that will give you more acceleration. The reason behind this is that by the time your car could reach top speed, the next turn would come up and your car will slow down again. On the other hand, a track with many straight and long paths requires a pinion gear that will give you more top speed while sacrificing acceleration. The reason behind this, is because a straight track will give you a longer period for your car to travel at top speed.

Just reading this, you could well be thinking that you should just go out and buy the largest or smallest (depending on if you want top speed or acceleration) that will fit in your vehicle. The problem with that is that you can actually destroy a motor by not gearing it right. If you run a gearing that is under-geared, you wont be getting the best performance and your motor will carry a huge load on acceleration.

On the other hand, if you are over-geared, you can put excessive load on the motor and speed control as is tries to reach top speed.

Brushless Motors
Brushless motors usually require different gearing than brushed motors. Be sure and read the directions that come with your brushless motor for gearing suggestions. For example. the Novak Super Sport Brushless motor gets geared about the same as a stock motor.